Reproducible kinematics derivations, actuator sizing formulas, and cobot payload center-of-gravity analyses with step-by-step engineering calculations and primary source citations.
Engineering guide
Published: 2026-10-05 | Verified: 2026-10-16
A practical explanation of why a robot arm's payload rating depends on the gripper, workpiece, centre of gravity and the manufacturer's load limits.
Quick rule or relationship: tool load torque ≈ sum of (mass × gravity × distance); check the manufacturer's payload and centre-of-gravity limits
- Count the gripper, sensors, cables and workpiece as part of the load attached to the robot.
- The distance between the tool flange and the load's centre of gravity affects the moment applied to the wrist.
- Use the payload chart and configuration limits for the exact robot version. A simple torque estimate is not a substitute for the manufacturer's limits or a complete application assessment.
Warehouse automation guide
Published: 2026-10-10 | Verified: 2026-10-16
A practical comparison of autonomous mobile robots and automated guided vehicles, including navigation, changes to the site, traffic and safety planning.
Quick rule or relationship: simplified stopping distance = speed² / (2 × deceleration) + speed × response time + margin
- AMR and AGV labels vary by supplier, so review the actual navigation method and operating limits rather than relying on the name.
- Map quality, traffic, floor conditions, load, charging and integration with warehouse software can matter as much as the vehicle itself.
- A stopping-distance estimate is a planning aid, not proof that a system meets a safety standard.
Education and research buying guide
Published: 2026-10-11 | Verified: 2026-10-16
A checklist for comparing classroom robots, mobile bases and research arms by software support, sensors, control access, documentation and total cost.
Quick rule or relationship: compare total cost = platform + required accessories + computing + software + maintenance and support
- Choose a platform around the task and the experience level of the people using it.
- Check the exact ROS 2 release, sensor configuration, APIs, documentation and simulation support before buying.
- For research that needs low-level control, verify the interface and timing requirements in the official documentation rather than assuming every platform exposes them.
Medical robotics explainer
Published: 2026-10-12 | Verified: 2026-10-16
An accessible guide to motion constraints in minimally invasive robotics and the role of force feedback in surgeon-controlled systems.
Quick rule or relationship: A motion constraint keeps the instrument aligned with the required pivot or entry point; the exact model depends on the robot design
- A remote centre of motion (RCM) is a design or control concept used to constrain motion around an entry point.
- Force feedback can provide information about forces at an instrument tip, but the features differ between surgical systems and instruments.
- Manufacturer descriptions and regulatory documents should be checked for the exact device and cleared use. This page is educational, not clinical guidance.
